Corso di Laurea Magistrale in Odontoiatria e Protesi Dentaria

The Student should know medical biochemistry and oral histology

To provide the students with a theoretical knowledge of the basic biology of the four mineralised tissues within the human body: bone, dentine, enamel and radicular cement. This is aimed to facilitate the comprehension and study of the next clinically oriented courses. To provide also the students with some principles of pathology regarding these tissues.

KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
The student will know the basic biology of the mineralised tissues of the oral cavity, along with the main pathologies thereof.

APPLYING KNOWLEDGE AND UNDERSTANDING
The student will be able to read and understand the scientific literature concerning the topics treated.

INDEPENDENT JUDGEMENT
The student will be able to distinguish between a physiologic and a pathologic process.

COMMUNICATION SKILLS
The student will be able to use the proper terminology.

LEARNING SKILLS
The student will be able to get further through the content of interest, autonomously.

1. An overview of bone biology and physiology The functions of bone. Bone is organised as a multi scale material. Bone composition. The nanoscale organisation of bone. The micro-structural organisation of bone. The macroscopic organisation of bone. The blood supply and innervation of bone. Bone fluid compartments. Bone mass and bone quality.

2. Bone cells (osteoclasts, osteoblasts and osteocytes) and bone matrix.

3. Local regulation of bone cell function. Overview of cytokines and growth factors and their receptors. Local factors regulating osteoclast differentiation and function. Factors affecting osteoblast differentiation and function. Local factors affecting both osteoclasts and osteoblasts. Regulation of bone cell differentiation and function through cell-cell contact. Local angiogenic factors regulating bone cell activity. Cell surface attachment molecules.

4. Bone modelling and remodelling. Bone healing.

5. Bone pathologies (carptim) Osteogenesis imperfecta. Osteopetrosis. Cleidocranial Dysplasia. Focal Osteoporotic defect. Idiopathic Osteosclerosis. Massive osteolysis. Paget’s Disease. Giant Cell Granuloma. Cherubism. Simple Bone Cyst. Fibrous Dysplasia. Cemento-osseous Dysplasia. Familial gigantiform cementoma. Ossifying Fibroma. Osteoma. Gardner Syndrome. Osteoblastoma and Osteoid Osteoma. Cementoblastoma. Osteosarcoma.

6. “Bisphosphonate-related Ostenonecrosis of the Jaws” BRONJ.

7. An overview on the tooth development. Abnormalities of teeth. Environmental effects on tooth structure development; post developmental loss of tooth structure; environmental discolouration of teeth; localised disturbances in eruption; developmental alterations in the number of teeth, in the size of teeth, in the shape of teeth, and in the structure of teeth. Dentinogenesis imperfect, Dentin dysplasia (type I and II), Regional Odontodysplasia.

8. Odontogenic tumors -tumors of odontogenic epithelium (ameloblastoma, clear cell odontogenic carcinoma, adenomatoid odontogenic tumor, calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor, squamous odontogenic tumor) -mixed tumors (Ameloblastic fibroma, ameloblastic fibro-odontoma, ameloblastic fibrosarcoma, odontoameloblastoma, odontoma) -tumors of odontogenic ectomesenchyme (central odontogenic fibroma, peripheral odontogenic fibroma, granular cell odontogenic tumor, odontogenic myxoma, cementoblastoma).

Focus on Collagen type I, synthesis and regulation. Collagen cross-link. Non collagen proteins of bone matrix. Chemical elements present in bone (Boron, Aluminium, Cadmium, Chromium, Lanthanum, Lead, Silicon, and Strontium)

Lectures along with open discussion of the topics treated so as to help the students develop critical thinking 

Oral exam aiming to assess the quality and level of knowledge achieved as well as the critical thinking acquired.

 

Available to elucidate unclear concepts by appointment